Antarctica: A continent mostly covered in ice, which sits in the southernmost part of the world.
artificial intelligence: A type of knowledge-based decision-making exhibited by machines or computers. The term also refers to the field of study in which scientists try to create machines or computer software capable of intelligent behavior.
astronomer: A scientist who works in the field of research that deals with celestial objects, space and the physical universe.
black hole: A region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation (including light) can escape.
blazar: A bright and distant active galaxy that shoots powerful jets of radiation from its center and directly toward Earth.
colleague: Someone who works with another; a co-worker or team member.
core: Something — usually round-shaped — in the center of an object. (in geology) Earth’s innermost layer. Or, a long, tube-like sample drilled down into ice, soil or rock. Cores allow scientists to examine layers of sediment, dissolved chemicals, rock and fossils to see how the environment at one location changed through hundreds to thousands of years or more.
cosmic rays: Very high-energy particles, mostly protons, that bombard Earth from all directions. These particles originate outside our solar system. They are equivalent to the nucleus of an atom. They travel through space at high rates of speed (often close to the speed of light).
cosmos: (adj. cosmic) A term that refers to the universe and everything within it.
electric charge: The physical property responsible for electric force; it can be negative or positive.
galaxy: A group of stars — and usually invisible, mysterious dark matter — all held together by gravity. Giant galaxies, such as the Milky Way, often have more than 100 billion stars. The dimmest galaxies may have just a few thousand. Some galaxies also have gas and dust from which they make new stars.
gamma rays: High-energy radiation often generated by processes in…
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